| |
|

Peter Bing
Office:
221D Candler Library
Phone:
404.727.6432
E-Mail:
pbing@emory.edu
AREAS OF SPECIAL INTEREST
SPECIAL INTERESTS:
1) Greek Poetry (Archaic and Hellenistic)
2) Greek Tragedy and Comedy
3) Greek Religion and Myth
4) Roman Comedy.
ACADEMIC HISTORY:
Bowdoin College, 1972-1976; B.A. magna cum laude in Classics
Univ. of Tübingen, 1974-1975; 1978-1979
Univ. of Michigan, 1976-1978; M.A. April 1978; 1979-1981; Ph.D. Sept.
1981
Dissertation: Callimachus, Hymn to Delos 1-99: Introduction and
Commentary (Prof. L. Koenen, advisor) v + 197pp
EMPLOYMENT AND TEACHING:
Bowdoin College: Teaching Fellow in Religion (Biblical Prophecy), Fall
1975
Asst. to Editor, Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, Tübingen
1977
University of Michigan: Teaching Assistant, Great Books 191 (Homer to
Vergil;
English composition) Fall 1979; Great Books 201, Fall 1980
University of Pennsylvania: Assistant Professor of Classical Studies,
1981-1987;
Co-Chairman of Theatre Arts Program 1982-1983
Case Western Reserve University: Assistant Professor of Classics and Modern
Literature
1987-1989
Emory University: Associate Professor of Classics 1989- ; Chairman 1990-1991,
1994-1995, 1996-1999
HONORS:
Phi Beta Kappa, Bowdoin College 1976
DAAD Fellow, University of Tübingen, 1978-1979
The Center for Hellenic Studies, Junior Fellow, 1984-1985
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Fellow, Univ. of Tübingen, 1985,
1992-1993
Visiting Fellow, Clare Hall, Cambridge University 1999-2000; Life-Member
2000-
Emory University Research Committee (URC) Grant 1999-2000
Cambridge Philological Society: Member, 2000-
Univ. of Cincinnati Barrington Fellow of the Margo Tytus Visiting Fellowship
Program,
2005-2006
Emory University: Emory Williams Distinguished Teaching Award for 2005/2006
RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS
A. BOOKS:
1) Translation of W. Burkert's Homo Necans (Berkeley 1983) xxv + 334pp.
2) The Well-Read Muse. Present
and Past in Callimachus and the Hellenistic Poets
Hypomnemata 90 (Göttingen 1988) 163pp.
Reviews: R. Schmiel, Phoenix 44.3 (1990) 281-283; D. Donnet, LEC (1990)
196; C.
Dobias-Lalou, REG 104 (1991) 651-652; W.H. Mineur, Mnemosyne (1992) 544-546;
G.
Benedetto, Maia N.S. 45.1 (1993) 82-87
3) Contributor to Musa Tragica.
Die griechische Tragödie von Thespis bis Ezechiel.
Ausgewählte Zeugnisse und Fragmente, griechisch und deutsch (Vandenhoeck
&
Ruprecht, Göttingen 1991)
4) Games of Venus: An Anthology
of Greek and Roman Erotic Verse from Sappho to
Ovid. Co-authored with R. Cohen (Routledge Press 1991) 279pp.
Paperback edition 1993, Selection of the Reader's Subscription Book Club.
Reviews: A. Petrecca, “Hey, Sappho, Baby”, Libido 9 (1991)
73-74; C. Stace, “Sapphic
Delight”,The Daily Telegraph 28 March (1992) 126; S. MacEwen, Journal
of the
History of Sexuality (1992/3) 320-322; J.J. Clauss, BMCR 3.2 (1992) 96-100;
J. Smith,
“All Greek to Latin lovers”,The Independent on Sunday 12 Jan.
(1992) 27; L. Deschamps,
REA 94 (1992) 275-276; S. Murray, Publ. of the Soc. of Lesbian and Gay
Anthropologists
14.3 (1992); E.M. O’Connor, CW 86.6 (1993) 510
5) Translation of W. Burkert’s
Savage Energies (Chicago 2001)
6) The Brill Companion to
Hellenistic Epigram, P. Bing and J. Bruss, edd. (Leiden,
Forthcoming 2007)
7) The Marble and the Scroll:
Studies in Reading and Reception in Hellenistic
Poetry, (accepted by University of Michigan Press, forthcoming Dec. 2007)
8) The Oxford Encyclopedia
of Ancient Greece and Rome, P. Bing Area Editor for Greek Literature,
M. Gagarin General Editor (Oxford, under contract).
9) Greek Monument-Groups with
Interactive Epigrams. Monograph in progress.
B. ARTICLES:
1) "The Voice Of Those Who Live In The Sea: Empedocles and Callimachus",
ZPE 41
(1981) 33-36
2) "Callimachus' Cows:
A Riddling Recusatio", ZPE 54 (1984) 1-8
3) "Boves Errantes", ZPE 56 (1984) 16
4) "Kastorion of Soloi's
Hymn to Pan", AJPh 106.4 (1985) 502-509
5) "Two Conjectures In
Callimachus' Hymn To Delos", Hermes 114 (1986) 121-124
6) "The Alder and the
Poet. Philetas 10 (p.92 Powell)", Rh.M. 129 (1986) 222-226
7) "A Note On The New
Musenanruf in Callimachus' Aetia", ZPE 74 (1988) 273-275
8) "Theocritus' Epigrams
on the Statues of Ancient Poets", A & A 34 (1988) 117-123
9) "A Pun on Aratus'
Name in v.2 of the Phainomena?" HSCP 93 (1990) 281-285
10) "The Bios and Poets'
Lives as a Theme of Hellenistic Poetry", in Nomodeiktes,
Festschr. M. Ostwald, edd. R. Rosen & J. Farrell (Michigan 1993) 619-631
11) “Impersonation of
Voice in Callimachus’ Hymn to Apollo”, TAPhA 123 (1993)
181-198
12) "Aratus and his Audiences",
in A. Schiesaro, P. Mitsis, and J. Strauss Clay
(edd.),Mega nepios. Il destinatario nell'epos didascalico. The Addressee
in
Didactic Epic.Mat. e disc. per l'anal. d. testi classici 31 (1994) 99-109
Reviewed by M. Lowrie, BMCR 6.13 (1995)
13) "The Unity of Callimachus'
Hymn to Artemis", co-authored with V. Uhrmeister,
JHS 114 (1994) 19-34
14) "Callimachus and
the Hymn to Demeter", Syllecta Classica 6 (1995) 29-42
Reviewed by B. Hughes, BMCR 3.2 (1998)
15) "Ergänzungsspiel
in the Epigrams of Callimachus", A & A 41 (1995) 115-131
16) "Reconstructing Berenike's
Lock", in Collecting Fragments. Aporemata 1, ed.
G. W. Most (Göttingen 1997) 78-94
Reviewed by J. Gilbert, BMCR 1.23 (1998); D. Sider, CJ 93.4 (1998) 456
17) “La Culture Litéraire
d’Alexandrie au IIIe siècle avant J.-C.”, catalogue
essay for the
exhibition, La Gloire d’Alexandrie, Musée du Petit Palais,
Paris (1998) 133-135.
18) “Between Literature
and the Monuments”, Genre in Hellenistic Poetry
Hellenistica Groningana 3 (Groningen 1998) 21-43.
19) “The Writing on
the Girdle: Asclepiades 4 Gow-Page (AP 5.158)”, Festschr. M. El-
Abbadi, Bull. of the Arch. Soc. of Alexandria 46 (2000) 245-248
20) “Text or Performance
/ Text and Performance”, in La letteratura ellenistica:
Problemi e prospettive di ricerca. Seminari Romani di Cultura Greca 1
(2000)
139-148
Reprinted in the critical anthology Greek Literature, Vol.7: Greek
Literature in the Hellenistic Period, G. Nagy ed. (New York 2001) 75-84
21) “Posidippus on Stones:
The First Section of the New Posidippus Papyrus (P. Mil.
Vogl.VIII 309, Col. I – IV 6)”, Paper from the APA panel on
the new epigrams
of Posidippus (Jan.6, 2002). http://www.apaclassics.org/Publications/Posidippus/PosidippusBing%20.pdf
22) “The Un-Read Muse?
Inscribed Epigram and Its Readers in Antiquity” in Hellenistic
Epigrams. Hellenistica Groningana 6 (Leuven 2002) 39-66
23) “Medeios of Olynthos,
son of Lampon, and the Iamatika of Posidippus,” ZPE 140
(2002) 297-300
24) “Translations of
Epigrams from the Milan Posidippus,” Classics@ 1 (Center for
Hellenic Studies online journal, 2003)
http://www.chs.harvard.edu/classicsat/trans.htm, cf. especially lithika,
iamatika
and tropoi.
25) “P. Grenfell 1.
The Alexandrian Erotic Fragment: A new edition and commentary” in
K.Vandorpe, The Bilingual Family Archive of Dryton, his Wife Apollonia
and
Their Daughter Senmouthis. Collectanea Hellenistica IV (Brussels 2002)
381-390.
26) “La poésie
érudite dans l’Alexandrie des Ptolémées. L’exemple
de Philitas de Cos”,
in Des Alexandries II: Les Metamorphoses du Lecteur, C. Jacob ed. (Bibliothèque
Nationale de France 2003) 263-270.
27) “Posidippus and
the Admiral: Kallikrates of Samos in the Epigrams of the Milan
Posidippus Papyrus,” GRBS 43 (2003) 243-266.
28) “Translations of
Theognis” (##1.37-62, 1.64-69, 1.71, 1.74-76, 1.79-83) reprinted
from Games of Venus in Thomas K. Hubbard ed., Homosexuality in Greece
and
Rome. A Sourcebook of Basic Documents (Berkeley 2003).
29) “The Unruly Tongue:
Philitas of Cos as Scholar and Poet,” CP 98 (2003) 330-348
30) “Posidippus’
Iamatika”, in Labored in Papyrus Leaves. Perspectives on an Epigram
Collection Attributed to Posidippus (P. Mil. Vogl. VIII 309), B. Acosta-Hughes,
E.
Kosmetatou, M. Baumbach edd. (Cambridge, MA 2004) 276-291.
Reviewed by Jan Maarten Bremer, BMCR 07.47 (2004),
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2004/2004-07-47.html
31) “The Politics and
Poetics of Geography in the Milan Posidippus,” in K. Gutzwiller
ed., The New Posidippus: A Hellenistic Poetry Book (Oxford 2005) 119-140.
32) "Hermeias of Kourion
and the Culture of His Time (Athenaeus 13.563 d-e = Powell,
Coll. Alex. p.237)," in I. Taifakos ed., Hellenism in Cyprus from
Stasinos to
Demonax (Leiden, forthcoming)
C. BOOK REVIEWS:
1) Review of P.A. Rosenmeyer, The Poetics of Imitation: Anacreon and the
anacreontic tradition (Cambr.1992) in BMCR 3.5 (1992) 401-407
2) Review of Stephen M. Wheeler,
A Discourse of Wonders. Audience and Performance
In Ovid’s Metamorphoses (U. Penn 1999) in BMCR (1999)
3) Review of R. Merkelbach
& J. Stauber, Steinepigramme aus dem Griechischen Osten,
Bd.1 (Stuttgart 1998) in CW 94.1 (2000) 89-90.
4) Review of R. Merkelbach
& J. Stauber, Steinepigramme aus dem Griechischen Osten,
Bd.2 (Munich 2001) in CW 97.1 (2003) 108-109.
D. LECTURES:
1989/90
1) “The Structure and Unity of Callimachus' Hymn to Artemis,”
UCLA 4/90
1990/1
1) “The Bios and Poet's Lives as a Theme of Hellenistic Poetry”
a) Panel on “Genre in Hellenistic Poetry” at APA Annual Convention,
San Francisco, 12/90
b) Case Western Reserve University Classics Colloquium, 3/91
2) “Politics and Poetics in Callimachus' Hymn to Artemis”
at Symposium in
Honor of Prof. Joy King, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, 5/2/91
3) “Impersonation of Voice in Callimachus' Hymn to Apollo,”
at Ohio State
University, 5/16/91
4) Seminar on “Callimachus' Hymn to Artemis,” at Ohio State
University, 5/17/91
1991/2
1) “Games of Venus: Translating Ancient Erotic Poetry,”
a) University of Pennsylvania, 2/27/92
b) Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY), 2/28/92
c) Michigan State University, 5/28/92
1992/3
1) “Callimachus and the Hymn to Demeter,” APA convention,
New Orleans,
12/30/92
2) “Ergänzungsspiel im hellenistischen Epigramm,” University
of Tübingen,
2/9/93
3) “L'Hymne à Artemis de Callimaque: structure et unité,”
a) Université de Lausanne, 2/19/93
b) Université de Genève, 2/22/93
4) “Ergänzungsspiel in the Epigrams of Callimachus,”
Literature Seminar of the
Classics Faculty, Cambridge University, 4/21/93
5) “Ergänzungsspiel in den Epigrammen des Kallimachos,”
University of
Heidelberg, 4/26/93
1993/4
1) “Ergänzungsspiel in the Epigrams of Callimachus,”
a) Conference on The Greek and Roman Book, University of Minnesota, 10/2/93
b) Tulane University, 10/22/93
c) At symposium on Ancient Greek Epigram, Emory University, 11/13/93
2) “Games of Venus: An Anthology of Greek and Roman Erotic Verse,”
Michael
C. Carlos Museum, Emory University, 1/20/94
1994/5
1) “Ergänzungsspiel in the Epigrams of Callimachus,”
Princeton University,
9/27/94
2) “Reconstructing Berenike's Lock,” at conference on Collecting
Fragments:
Theory and History,University of Heidelberg, 6/16/95
1995/6
1) “Reading Hellenistic Epigrams,”
a) Archaeological Society of Alexandria, Egypt, 2/28/96
b) University of Tel Aviv, Israel, 5/7/96
2) “Book-Culture and Poetic Inspiration,” Foundation for Hellenic
Culture,
Alexandria, Egypt, 3/14/96
1996/7
1) “Between Literature and the Monuments,”
a) University of Groningen (Netherlands), 9/5/96
b) University of Florence (Italy), 4/28/97
2) “Reconstructing Berenike’s Lock,”
a) University of Cincinnati, 10/15/96
b) Harvard University, 4/10/97
3) “Text or Performance / Text and Performance,”
a) Part of Presidential Panel at the annual meeting of the Classical Association
of
the Mid-West and South, Boulder, CO, 4/11/97
b) University of Rome (Italy), 4/29/97 as part of conference “Problemi
e
prospettive di ricerca sulla letteratura ellenistica”
4) “The Lighthouse of Alexandria, Between Literature and Monument,”
University of Georgia, 5/29/97
1997/8:
1) "Between Literature and Monument", University of Texas (Austin),
3/6/98
2) Graduate Seminar on Hellenistic Poetry, University of Texas (Austin)
3/5-3/6/98
1998/9:
1) “Thorwaldsen’s Triumph of Alexander and its Ancient Sources”,
Woodruff
Library, to celebrate the reinstallation of the Thorwaldsen frieze, 4/19/99.
2) Moderator and Respondent at conference on “Alexandrias: Collecting
Books,
Editing Texts, Transmitting the Library” at the Bibliothèque
Nationale in
Paris, 6/23/99.
1999/'00
1) “The Ivory Tower? Timon of Phlius, SH 786,” International
Research Seminar
on the Ancient Library of Alexandria, Conference sponsored by the CNRS
at the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria, Egypt 11/27/99
2) “Erudite Poetry in Ptolemaic Alexandria: The Example of Philitas
of Cos,”
International Colloquium in Alexandria, Egypt, sponsored by the
Bibliothéque nationale de France, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina,
the CNRS,
the Commission nationale francaise pour l'UNESCO, 11/29/99
3) “The Unruly Tongue: Philitas of Cos as Scholar and Poet,”
a) University of Illinois at Chicago, 1/31/00
b) Oxford University, 5/3/00
4) “Translating the Greeks for Today's Undergraduates,” University
of Illinois at
Chicago, 2/1/00
5) "Philitas of Cos and the Early History of the Gloss," Cambridge
Philological
Society, 2/16/00
6) “Readers of Inscribed Epigram in Antiquity,” Literature
Seminar, Cambridge
University Faculty of Classics, 5/00
7) Chair of session of the International Colloquium “Des Alexandries:
Du livre au
texte,” at the Bibliothéque nationale de France, Paris, 6/6/99
2000/01
1) “The Pleasure of Reading? Readers of Inscribed Epigram in Antiquity”,
at the
Groningen Workshop on Hellenistic Poetry, 5: Epigram. 9/1/00
2) “The Un-Read Muse? Inscribed Epigram and Its Readers in Antiquity”
a) Stoltenberg Endowed Lecture, University of Iowa, 2/15/01
b) Corpus Christi College, Oxford, as part of Emory/Corpus FacultyExchange
6/16/01
3) “The Unruly Tongue: Philitas of Cos as Scholar and Poet”,
graduate seminar
on Hellenistic Poetry, University of Iowa 2/16/01
4) “Reconstructing The Hymns of Isidorus at the Graeco-Roman Museum
of
Alexandria”, luncheon talk, University of Iowa 2/16/01
2001/02
1) “The Unruly Tongue: Philitas of Cos as Scholar and Poet,”
Harvard
University, Loeb Lecture, 11/8/01
2) “Posidippus on Stones,” delivered as part of special APA
panel on the New
Epigrams of Posidippus, Philadelphia, 1/4/02
3) Response to Mark Auslander, “Going by the Trees: Secrecy, Ritual
and
Violence in Afro-Atlantic Landscapes,” in Emory Conference On the
Mysteries, 4/14/02
4) “Iamatika: Poetry and Medicine in the New Milan Posidippus,”
Center for
Hellenic Studies, Washington D.C., 4/22/02
2002/3
1) “Kallikrates of Samos between Egypt and Greece: The evidence
of the
New Posidippus Papyrus”, Invited lecture, Columbia University,
conference on Alexandria Between Egypt and Greece, 10/11/02
2) “The Politics and Poetics of Geography in the Milan Posidippus”,
Invited
lecture, University of Cincinnati, conference on The New Posidippus: A
Hellenistic Poetry Book, 11/8/02
3) “From the Jewel Box of Royalty: A Garnet of Berenike II and Posidippus’
Epigrams on Stones”, Invited lecture, Michael C. Carlos Museum of
Emory University, 12/3/02
4) “Posidippus’ Miraculous Cures”, Invited lecture,
Baylor University, 4/8/03
5) “Kallikrates of Samos in the Epigrams of Posidippus (P. Mil.
Vogl. VIII 309)”,
Contributed lecture, ARCE conference, Emory University, 4/26/03.
2003/4
1) “The Odyssey in Hellenistic Epigram,” Langford Seminar
of the Dept. of
Classics, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, 11/8/03
2) “The Politics and Poetics of Geography in the Milan Posidippus
Section One:
On Stones”, delivered as part of a colloquium on Ptolemaic Gems,
Glass,
and Faience, sponsored by the Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit
Foundation, with Dr. Jean-Yves Empereur, Dr. Marie-Dominique Nenna,
and Dr. Jasper Gaunt, Carlos Museum of Emory University, 11/10/03
3) “Allusion from the Broad, Well-Trodden Street: The Odyssey in
Inscribed and
Literary Epigram”
a) University of California at Irvine, 2/27/04
b) University of Pennsylvania, 4/22/04
c) City University of New York Graduate Center, 4/23/04
4) “The New Poseidippos”, delivered as part of a “Presidential
Panel: The
Disruption of Discovery” at the annual meeting of CAMWS, St. Louis,
4/16/04
2004/5
1) “The Pictorial Tradition of the Greek Komos,” Symposium
on the Symposium:
An Interdisciplinary Panel-Discussion of the Greek Symposium as Text and
Social Institution, Michael C. Carlos Museum, Emory University, 10/28/04.
2) “The Odyssey in Hellenistic Epigram,” Centre for the Study
of Greek and
Roman Antiquity, 12/16/04, Corpus Christi College, Oxford, England.
3) “Allusion from the Broad, Well-Trodden Street: The Odyssey in
Inscribed and
Literary Epigram”
a) University of the South, 2/4/05
b) Conference on Archaic and Classical Greek Epigram, University of Giessen,
Germany, 4/8/05
4) “Hellenistic Courage”. Response to Paper on Philo of Alexandria's
de fortitudine at
Graduate Dept. of Religion – New Testament Colloquy, 2/7/05.
2005/6
1) “Hermeias of Kourion and the Culture of His Time (Athenaeus 13.563d-e
=
Powell, Coll. Alex. p.237),” at the conference "Hellenism in
Cyprus from
Stasinos to Demonax", University of Cyprus, Nikosia, Cyprus, 9/23/05
2) “Odyssean Allusion in Inscribed and Literary Epigram,”
a) University of Cincinnati, 2/3/06
b) University of Texas (Austin), 2/10/06
3) Graduate Seminar on Hellenistic Poetry, University of Texas (Austin),
2/6-16/06
E. LECTURES AND TALKS GIVEN AT EMORY:
1) "Ancient Gift-Giving" at Emory University Museum of Art and
Archaeology
12/7/90
2) "Reading an Ancient Erotic Poem," at Faculty Interest Forum,
4/12/91
3) "Ancient Erotic Poetry: A Reading," part of Sexual Awareness
Week, Emory
Depot, 2/8/92
4) Drinking Parties in Ancient Greece," Food for Thought series at
Michael C.
Carlos Museum, 2/20/92
5) "The New Melanippe Krater," lecture with Prof. Bonna Wescoat
of Art
History, Michael C. Carlos Museum, 10/94
6) "Ancient Drama and Art," Workshop for School Teachers, Michael
C. Carlos
Museum, 11/94
7) “Ancient Drama”. Seminar for Grade-School Teachers at Michael
C. Carlos
Museum, sponsored by AppleCorp, 2/20/97
8) "Rethinking Hercules: Disney's new adaptation of the Hercules
Saga", Carlos
Museum, Food for Thought series, 9/30/97
9) Translating the Greeks for Emory Undergraduates", Last Lecture,
Emory
University, 11/10/97 (cf. article in Emory Wheel, 11/14/97, p.3)
10) "The Classical World" Transformation of the Imagination",
in the series
Collaborative Discovery at the Carlos Museum, for Atlanta public school
teachers, sponsored by APPLE Corps and the Georgia Humanities
Council, 2/26/98
11) “Ovid’s Amores” in Love, Sex, and Transformation:
An Evening of Ovid in
Music, Verse, and Art,” Carlos Museum of Emory University, Part
of Arts
Festival honoring inauguration of Emory’s new President, 4/1/04
12) "The Greek Symposium as Sea-Voyage," Food For Thought Lecture,
Michael
C. Carlos Museum, Emory University, 9/21/04.
13) "Siren Songs and a Drinking Cup from the Carlos Museum,"
Michael C. Carlos
Museum, 1/31/06
14) “Epigrams on Timomachus of Byzantium’s Medea, and Statius’
Silvae 2.2” in In The
Shadow of Vesuvius, Carlos Museum of Emory University, 9/21/06
15) Panelist in post-performance discussion of Sophocles’ Antigone,
Oxford College of
Emory University, 10/20/06
TEACHING: COURSES TAUGHT 1989-2005:
Course Enrollment
1989/90 Fall GRK 101 7
CL 101: Intro. to Anc. Lit. 50
Theater 210 (1st 5 weeks) 80
Spring GRK 102 7
CL 202: Mythology 138
Senior Honors 1
1990/1(Chair) Fall GRK 487G:
Symposium 4
Spring CL 202: Mythology 118
Engl.710R: Erotic Renaissance 8
(with Prof. G. Christopher)
Senior Honors 1
1991/2 Fall GRK 101 10
CL 329: Anc. Drinking Party 10
Spring CL 102: Mythology 89
GRK 102 7
1992/3 ON LEAVE
1993/4 Spring CL 101: Intro.
to Anc. Lit. 87
LAT 317: Propertius 5
LAT 498: Martial 1
Fall CL 102: Mythology 94
GRK 202: Homer 2
GRK 498: 1
1994/5 (Chair) Fall CL 101:
Intro. to Anc. Lit. 42
Spring CL 102: Mythology 115
1995/6 ON LEAVE
1996/7 (Chair) Fall CL 102:
Mythology 113
Spring GRK 202: Homer 7
GRK 498 1
1997/8 (Chair) Fall CL 102: Mythology 98
Spring CL 306: Anc. Drinking Party 17
1998/9 (Chair) Fall CL 102:
Mythology 82
GRK 495 R 1
Spring GRK 487 I
|
|
|